The Reformation in Europe and the Rise of Protestantism

Western society was a culturally Christian state before the Reformation. In Islam, there was no real difference between public life and private life in terms of faith. So you get this sort of emergence then of this sort of similar thing in Christianity where the state and the church are fused. And so what you see begin to see at the end of the 1600s and beginning of 1700s is the political designing of a solution to this. That's something we know now today as liberalism.