Geopolitical Challenges and Democratic Developments

The chapter explores the importance of long-term geopolitical decisions since 1991, emphasizing global engagement over isolationism and the challenges of promoting democracy in countries like Iraq and Afghanistan. It delves into the rise of illiberal populism in Eastern Europe and the complexities faced by transitioning societies towards liberal democracy. The discussion also touches on Putin's leadership in Russia, the impact of the fall of the Berlin Wall, and the role of national culture in shaping political and economic decisions.