I think the thing that stood ot to me was that the urine that goes through the short loops of henley nefrons, still has the opportunity to become more concentrated when it gets to a collecting duct later on. It is not, by faith, destined to be dilute urine. It can become concentrated too. Just it's because all that atiach activity happens in the collecting duct, which is like the stream into which all the little streams empty into. That theat it came from a short loop or a long loop, doesn't really matter as much. The long loop, like melony ad said, sets up that gradient, but the urine itself can all be subject to that gradient later on. The

whole firstancisisyto thing is like, oh, you've got to have a sodium, you've got to have a potassium, you've got to have two claris. If you don't have those, it will not work allso you caun have an ammonium. Am i?

No, i'm really glad you brought that up. I think that one of the things, as i was joking, like, you can't teach us without waving your hands, and you said, can we

teach this? We don't teach the details of all the different disorders that can cause barters i'm just hoping

to

get people to feel safe with the kidney, that they could understand the framework, and that if they love it, they can learn or. And so by the same token, we leave out the thin ascending limb. Forgive

me,

and i don't differentiate between the two different parts of the collecting duct either. Also, i think that knowing that you're setting up this big gradient

there, it's not just that you're setting up the gradient for

sodium and chloride, but

you're also allowing there to be a lot of ammonia.