Sustainable Forestry in a World of Scarcity

If you don't have strong property rights, then it's almost impossible to defend these resources. I think implicitn what you're saying is it requires a well controlled society for sustainable practices to prevail universally. Japan, during the tokugawa era, from the 16 hundreds onwards, the tokogawa shokons cut off the trade of japan. And so the japanese,. because their castles were constructed with enormous amounts of wood, they independently developed sustainable forestry. They measured the trees. They managed their forests so well that even to day, japan, a first world country, is about 75 % covered with forest. So there are societies that have succeeded in managing their