We take preconceived notions we have about ourselves, like a, am i a good lecturer? And then infer whether or not our lecture was good. We tested this idea out by a giving students a popquis on verbal reasoning. But we gave the test two different labels that we knew students would have adi differint reaction too. One label was thi that this was a test of abstract reasoning. The one thing we knew about our ecis they say they have abstract reasoning,. That's, that's a skill they have up the wazoo. So so performance estimates, like, how well did i do to day are actually, in psychological jargon, topped down.