Radical Movements and Constitutional Critique

This chapter explores the emergence of radical movements in early 20th-century America, focusing on agrarian and labor populists amid crisis and repression. It highlights the rise of the Socialist Party and the Industrial Workers of the World, alongside critiques of the Constitution by various reformers. Through the lens of figures like August Spies, the narrative examines class oppression and the complexities of American identity and governance, questioning the Constitution's role in perpetuating inequality.