AI-powered
podcast player
Listen to all your favourite podcasts with AI-powered features
Is There a Causal Effect?
There's enormous variation within the country and even within neighborhoods. The other thing to think about is a reverse causation or selectivity, selection bi asison. We see very clear evidence that if you move to the higher places at a younger age, kids do better. To go back to my earlier example, certain parts of ala we see higher levels of upward ability than other parts. And so are we seeing differences based on the age at which kids move? Looking at siblings within families, for instance, and the answer is yes.