Earth has a solid iron core center that's surrounded by a liquid core outer. As you keep going further down, the pressure is so high that it's compactified into a solid. This means the solid core is kind of independent of the rest of the planet. Once you find the epicenter, which is not too hard, you can triangulate on it. You know what else gives you these data? Underground nuclear tests. They are especially valuable Geophysically because you know exactly where the test occurred.
What happens if Earth’s core is slowing? Neil deGrasse Tyson and comedian Chuck Nice explore the spinning of Earth’s core, the physics of tire pressure, and the science of toast.
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Photo Credit: NASA, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
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