How to Measure the Universal Gravitational Constant

The universal gravitational constant is one of the parameters that tells us why our universe is this way and not some other way. It's tricky to measure because it's a gravity so weak, but you need to know the masses of things before you canMeasure this constant. People have tried different ways including holding a pendulum near a mountain which was imprecise due to its density. A geologist came up with a really clever way to measure a very, very tiny force between two billion balls essentially.