This chapter examines the transition from secular nationalism to the emergence of Islamic resistance movements in the Arab East, highlighting key historical events from 1979 to 1982. It discusses the geopolitical dynamics influenced by figures like Sadat and regional powers, and the resulting social conflicts, particularly regarding women's rights and religious governance. The chapter also explores the implications of these shifts on contemporary conservative movements and the interplay of sectarianism within authoritarian regimes.
Featuring Abdel Razzaq Takriti, this is the first of a two-part epilogue to Thawra (Revolution), our series on Arab radicalism in the 20th century. Today’s installment covers the Iranian Islamic Revolution’s huge impact across the Arab East alongside Saudi and Egyptian efforts to foster religious conservative movements in an effort to supplant and suppress the secular nationalist left. Plus the Iran-Iraq War, the mujahideen in Afghanistan, the First Intifada, Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait, the first US-led invasion of Iraq, and the PLO’s march toward the Oslo Accords–and how Hamas and Islamic Jihad stepped into the resulting vacuum, picking up a Palestinian armed struggle the PLO had renounced.
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