Episode 118: Cell Signalling
The Science of Everything Podcast
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What Is the Second Messenger and How Does It Work?
There are many, many different second messenger molecules but some of the main ones include cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP, IP3 and calcium ions. Calcium is very important because many intracellular, well, many signals have an effect on cytosolic calcium levels. There are relay proteins which just pass the signal on to the next member of the chain. An amplifier protein could be an enzyme that produces more second messenger and therefore amplifying the initial signal. And there are transducer proteins who change the signal into a different form.
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