Centralization Efforts and Support for Eastern Catholic Churches by Various Popes

This chapter explores the centralization efforts of Popes in the 19th and 20th centuries over the Eastern Catholic churches, including the establishment of schools, seminaries, and directives for education. It discusses the pushback from Eastern churches following papal directives on bishop and patriarch elections, as well as the creation of structures by Leo XIII for various Eastern Catholic denominations. The chapter also highlights the support given by Benedict XV and Pius XII for the Eastern churches, including the conferment of doctoral degrees and institutionalization in Rome.