Social Citizenship in the United States

The structure of marriage shaped women's experience of health care, and similarly how the racial hierarchies of the labor movement also structured access to health care. So industrial unions had, you know, they were racially integrated which was a great change from their predecessors before the 1930s. The way that seniority worked in the mill was that you accrued it departmentally so a black worker who had a great deal of seniority might never be able to escape the coke oven or blast furnace. African American workers were generally, statistically, going to be laid off the last to be rehired in cyclical downturns.