Danella Meadows famously distinguished between black box modeling where a human gives an input to a computer model and outcomes and answer. She said systems dynamics improve our intuition and understanding, kind of like what you were just saying about the climate system versus the climate model. So our modern climate models are a combination of these two. They both spit out an answer and they improve our understanding of what's going on in the physical world or have they become so complex with so many inputs?

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