Complexity economics allows the economy to evolve in ways that wouldn't be possible if everyone moved in lock step. The prisoner's dilemma is this famous a game theory problem, and there's this idea that you have different algarithms for approaching it. A Swedish physicist called christianlindgren did a lovely piece of work imagining that there was a prisoner's dilemma tournament. He not only set up this computerized prisoner's dilemma tournaments, but he allowed that strategies, a given strategy, so you might be playing tit for tat consistently, a strategies could mutate. So normally i'm playing this prisoner's dilemma against similar strategies that are a bit different,. suddenly i'm faced
Economies in the modern world are incredibly complex systems. But when we sit down to think about them in quantitative ways, it’s natural to keep things simple at first. We look for reliable relations between small numbers of variables, seek equilibrium configurations, and so forth. But those approaches don’t always work in complex systems, and sometimes we have to use methods that are specifically adapted to the challenges of complexity. That’s the perspective of W. Brian Arthur, a pioneer in the field of complexity economics, according to which economies are typically not in equilibrium, not made of homogeneous agents, and are being constantly updated. We talk about the basic ideas of complexity economics, how it differs from more standard approaches, and what it teaches us about the operation of real economies.
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W. Brian Arthur received his Ph.D. in operations research from the University of California, Berkeley. He is currently an External Faculty Member at the Santa Fe Institute, IBM Faculty Fellow, and Visiting Researcher in the Intelligent Systems Lab at PARC. He was formerly the Morrison Professor of Economics and Population Studies and Professor of Biology at Stanford. He is known for developing the theory of increasing returns in economics. Among his awards are a Guggenheim Fellowship, the Schumpeter Prize in economics, and the Lagrange Prize for complexity.
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