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How Does a Pinched Node Work?
A pruned node works like this: You download all of the blocks when you're doing initial block download. And every time you download one, you verify that the output that is being spent and the input that is spending that output are valid. The data after it has been verified gets deleted. That's the pruning part. In the Bitcoin core software, there is a configuration parameter called assume valid that will not verify inputs and outputs signatures before a certain height.