Navigating the Hubble Tension

This chapter explores recent advancements in cosmology, focusing on the Hubble tension and the conflicting measurements of the universe's expansion rate. The discussion highlights various observational techniques, including the Cosmic Microwave Background data and Cepheid variable stars, which are essential for refining cosmic distance measurements. Furthermore, the chapter examines potential new physics and candidate models that may reconcile these discrepancies and enhance our understanding of the universe's structure.