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Why are Islamic Societies not Progressing? - Ahmet T. Kuru - #TPE158

The Pakistan Experience

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Shia Political History

After the Prophet Al-Aisallah Manfal-Khalifs came to Mayyana Basits and there happened a major disappointment after the Jamell and Sifin wars. Shia clearly delegitimized Umayyas, became anti-Umayyas. They didn't delegitimize politically but they delegitimize religiously. That's why we have independent religious authorities emerge. The idea of separation of church and state emerged in Europe in the 11th century as a result of the failure of the two sides trying to destroy each other.

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