
Mary Neuburger, “The Orient Within: Muslim Minorities and the Negotiation of Nationhood in Modern Bulgaria (Cornell UP, 2004)
New Books in Eastern European Studies
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The Fes: A Localized Hat
In the 19th century, there was more of an effort to centralize the millets. And actually, that created a real problem within the pre-orthodox millet because this is precisely what sparked nationalist movements. So it was much more local in ad hoc, which I think makes sense when you think about how the newly local identities were in that period. In addition to having a religious identity, people had regionalized town identities and other kinds of just be localized.
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