The idea of using the immune system to attack cancer cells, which have mutations that make them foreign, has probably been around for 75 or more years. But it was only in the last 10 to 15 years that the technologies for being able to use immunotherapy were really very effective. There are a whole variety of different immunologic approaches you can take to cancer. And my feeling is in the end, once we work out the kinks and subtleties and these immunologic approaches, they're going to turn out to be very general and very powerful for cancers.

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