The post timorad empires that you write about were hit hard by a world order shaking crisis known as the seventeenth century general crisis. In europe, far from being associated with decline, such developments have been hailed for ushering in an age of enlightenment and rational state behavior. What we know is that it was a prolonged period of political instability across eurasia. Again, i don't have a strong argument as to what caused this piriot of crisis.
Ayşe Zarakol on her book Before the West: The Rise and Fall of Eastern World Orders. How centuries of Asian empires from Genghis Khan to Timur and the early Ming Dynasty through the Ottomans and Mughals built dominant world orders and, ultimately, shaped the rise of Europe—and how that all might shape how we think about the crisis in the world order today.
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