The Pines Pod Hypothesis, Robin Hanson, and the Fermi Paradox

Robin Hanson has this model called the Grab the Aliens model where there's basically two different types of aliens. The civilizations that like mature to some level and then stop for whatever reason. Pines' hypothesis is that we look out into, you know, with our telescopes and we don't see obviously remade galaxy clusters. And so his model is actually taking that as sort of empirical data to constrain an estimate of how much of the universe is currently filled up by these grabby civilizations.