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The Effects of High Altitude on Breathing
People had for hundreds of years, like I've said now a thousand times, climbed mountains or crossed mountain passes or lived at high altitudes. These early hot air balloonists were reaching heights of 6,000, 7,000, even 9,000 meters. And so of course they noticed that as they ascended, breathing became more and more difficult. Their heart beat faster and faster and they became confused and tired, often hit with this massive headache. Even though they could recognize that altitude had this effect, they weren't sure how to link the two.