The History of Philosophy in the Islamic World

The two deepest philosophical issues from the 12th century onwards have to do with metaphysics and epistemology. In our look at the formative period, and especially Andalusia, Christians and Jews have contributed to the history of philosophy in the Islamic world. Astronomy will feature again in the scientific achievements made after the Eastern Muslim lands were divided amongst the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughuls.