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California's Gold Rush
In June 1851, Chief Tania and his people were taken to a reservation. With the surrender of the Awanichi, active native resistance all but ceased in California. By that summer, 18 different nations had signed treaties and moved on to reservations. But under US law, the Senate had to ratify them. The Senate received the treaties in July 1851 and ignored them. As many as four out of every five indigenous Californians died in less than a decade.