Yeah, that's fantastic. And it's really interesting the way you kind of brought that together in easy, they just form. And

apologies, of course,

that Goldsmiths research is fantastic. We put the link to it in the show notes because it's some great learnings from there. And it really gives you a lens on what customers are doing across the landscape. So thanks for supporting that project. I think it's great. Brett, one of the things, I think it was one of my most proud proudest days working for Microsoft when we announced our global goals. I think quoted as moonshot goals because we set these targets but we actually publicly announced that we weren't quite sure how we were going to achieve them. And when I read the latest 2021 report, I can see that we're reasonably on track with our scope one and two emissions, but off track with scope three. I wondered if you could talk a little bit about, you know, where you see us on our journey, but also one thing that I've observed Microsoft doing and doing well is publishing white papers and blogs and being really transparent about our journey. Do you think that, you know, if we are struggling, other companies must be struggling as well? And how important is it for us all to work together as a global community to solve these problems? It seems to me like it's not necessarily a commercial piece where we're competing and keeping all this intellectual property, but we're choosing to disclose and move things forward. I wonder if you had thoughts on that.

Yeah, well, I'll start by saying the good news is there's 20, 30 goals or not moonshot anymore. Like they are clear commitments with a path towards them. The one moon shot that's left is our 2050 goal of by 2050 having removed more carbon from the atmosphere than we've admitted since our founding in 1975. The, you know, the piece in terms of our

progress.

So yes, one of the core principles of the work is transparency, that's stated very clearly. I think you can even find it up on our public webpage. And the reason for that, and this is another thing I talked about a little bit last week was, you know, the pledges were an important and critical first step creates clarity within the organization, helps people understand what are the end to be clear. There's actually 40 to 50 different commitments because there's the milestones along the way that are about the progress. And the, so that piece is critical, but it's actually the work that we've done as we've made progress that has taught us the most. And that it goes back to both the steps forward and steps back, right? So yes, in the last year, our scope three emissions increased, largely as a result of the pandemic, as we all transitioned to remote work, the rise in device use that occurred around it, the energy grids that we're now, we're now not in an office that may have renewable energy powering, it's, you know, maybe it's solar sitting up on the rooftop. Now we're in each of our individual homes. And certainly as someone who has three children under nine, I will say there was more iPad use and device use in Xbox use during school hours in the rush, you know, when they're in school. And, you know, Xbox, you know, people sitting in your home, they had Xbox use is all downstream for us. It's part of our scope three emissions. And so, but yeah, you know, it's sharing some of those learnings on the journey, right? For scope three emissions today, we have, you know, we put a requirement in for a supplier code of conduct several years ago, I believe it was in 2020 at the time of those commitments. We have 80% of suppliers that are reporting today across all three scopes, but we knew that wasn't gonna be enough. We added some tools and resources that were there to help them with those disclosures. And in the last year, we started working with the, specifically in Asia with the IMF and the World Bank, identifying for our most material suppliers, what are potential mitigations, helping them find where they can procure some of those alternatives from and offering them affordable financing through the World Bank as a way to help with the adoption of them. And so, you know, many of those pieces has been a journey, right? Like I always think about the pieces that are within your control and the pieces that are within your influence. And so, control the things that we can control and continue to invest to influence. And if I've been a bill to, you know, hey, yes, you know, if I were to say any of our terms and contracts around off-take agreements for carbon removal, public documents today, any of our learnings from it, public documents today, any of the RFIs or EOIs that we put out to market for carbon removal are freely shared today. And it's the whole premise, like if I really were to strip it back, is those that have the ability to do more should. And we are in a fortunate position that not others are in, partly given size, partly given the geographic footprint, partly during my balance sheet. And so, the sharing others is the, you know, there's, there's not much time left between 2030 and no one's gonna wake up on Jan 1, 2030 and realize that they've hit a goal. And so, you know, why have others go through the same lessons and learnings and challenges that we did if we can just shorten that

point?