The Second Phase of Secular Orientalism

secular orientalism was largely used toa justify colonial expeditions. Now this gave way to anglo american social sciency, orientalism that sought to apply a specific understanding of the orient and then use that to understand these people. And so various constructions of the orient began to just replicate themselves. This was partly helped by a massive culture industry that spread negative images of arabic people all across the united states and the rest of europe very quickly. So we saw military regime start to emerge, or military operations tart to emerge, to just try to control the orient. It's also at a time when globalized capitalism has reached such a point as to leave little opportunity