How did nine 11 lead to the overthrow of the taliband government? In retrospect, it almost takes on the appearance of cause and effect. But in reality, it was by no means inevitable that a small group perpetrating a terrorist attack would lead to the government of a nation state being overthrown. What happened in late two thousand one and might something else have happened instead? You've to take two factors into count. One is the idealogues of the united states. It's foreign policy. And clearly, what they felt they had to do was to find an excuse and ways of reordering the world. The excuse came with nine 11.