Lipsius and the Stoic Theory of Determinism

In the de constantia, lipsius is trying to present stoicism in a positive light. And along the way there's a discussion about whether one can embrace the stoic attitude towards fate. The kind of headline argument that we find in the dialogue identify stoic fate with what is called violent fate. There's a real concern that that's not a view that can be accepted at this time. So lipsis effectively saying is, stoicism is great, but on this issue of fate, we might need to modify it a bit. This slightly compromised version of stoicism is often labelled neo stoicism imean in the scholarly literature. That label is often thought to describe this sixteenth