Female Endurance Athletes and the Risk of Stress Fractures

The nerd super duo is back at it again. This time, Dr. Trexler plays Sherlock and Dr. Helms plays Watson in a discussion of how overtraining syndrome, metabolic adaptation, relative energy deficiency in sport, exercise energy compensation, body fat regulation, and more, are both distinct from one another, yet are all also closely related. Surprisingly, it took a couple meat head bodybuilders to notice the shared characteristics and overlap between these separate concepts. That’s precisely because bodybuilders are crazy enough to go through a process that often results in their simultaneous occurrence! Listen in to find out what these concepts are, when they intersect as well as diverge, how you can identify which you or your clients are experiencing, and what to do about it.

00:00 A (kind of) synced up intro and an appearance from Omar

02:04 A brainstorming session on metabolism

https://massresearchreview.com/ 

Omar Isuf - Why You Shouldn’t Try To Be “Shredded” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GmlGt49Oi1I 

https://www.strongerbyscience.com/stay-shredded/

08:30 Low energy availability and the female athlete triad

Areta 2021 Low energy availability: history, definition and evidence of its endocrine, metabolic and physiological effects in prospective studies in females and males https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33095376/

23:20 Energy availability and body fat

Loucks 2003 Energy availability, not body fatness, regulates reproductive function in women https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12882481/ 

29:15 Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport and the drivers of metabolic adaptation

Burke 2023 Mapping the complexities of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs): development of a physiological model by a subgroup of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) Consensus on REDs https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37752007/ 

Mountjoy 2023 2023 International Olympic Committee's (IOC) consensus statement on Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37752011/ 

Hackney 2005 Testosterone and endurance exercise: development of the "exercise-hypogonadal male condition https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16268050/

Hackney 2020 Hypogonadism in Exercising Males: Dysfunction or Adaptive-Regulatory Adjustment? https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32082255/

48:07 Overtraining syndrome

Stellingwerff 2021 Overtraining Syndrome (OTS) and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S): Shared Pathways, Symptoms and Complexities https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34181189/ 

Iron Culture Ep. 149- Overreaching, Overtraining, and Insufficient Recovery: Everything You Need To Know https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZxohJX_F-XY

55:08 Energy constraint and compensation

Dolan 2023 Energy constraint and compensation: Insights from endurance athletes https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37557979/

1:05:13 A practical spin: bringing all the information together

1:20:07 Closing out with a shoutout to our sponsor: The RED-S calorie-free food van