Jewish Communities and Their New Nationalist Neighborhoods

For most of the last thousand years of european history, jewish communities were basically left to run their own affairs. They would face violence sometimes, and in ces moments, things would happen. But on a day to day basis, they were left to themselves for the most part. And so the centuries start to creep on a little bit, and the absolutest state in western europe gives birth to the early nation state. The question is: Where did that leave the jews who inhabited every country, but didn't rule any of them?