The Rebuke, Condemns, and So On. Verse 16

In the old testament and the septugen, the motif of grumbling really refers to a disgruntled criticiser. So jude likely has in mind more negative examples from israel's history,. again, comparing the false teachers to disgruntled critic ndthere are their number of examples of this. In Exodus 16, they also grumbled against moses and aaron. And so even with the use of this term grumbling, the juda is getting at these negative examples in the old testament of these disgruntled critics. They actually lack their lack of real authority, and they want o sort of foist themselves in the position of authority by virtue. Here in verse 16, this is a g