The Evolution of Liberalism: Balancing Freedom and Generosity

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This chapter explores the historical development of liberalism, emphasizing its foundational concepts of freedom, fairness, and generosity. It discusses the intricate relationship between liberalism and democracy, highlighting the tensions that arise when majority rule conflicts with individual liberties. Additionally, the conversation examines critiques from post-liberal perspectives and advocates for a more inclusive and balanced approach to political values.

Yascha Mounk and Alexandre Lefebvre discuss taking liberalism seriously as the main moral paradigm of our world.

Alexandre Lefebvre is a professor of politics and philosophy at the University of Sydney. His books include Human Rights as a Way of Life and, most recently, Liberalism as a Way of Life.

In this week’s conversation, Yascha Mounk and Alexandre Lefebvre discuss the difference between political liberalism and liberalism as a comprehensive doctrine—or “way of life”; how we can uphold the core tenets of comprehensive liberalism—such as freedom, fairness, and reciprocity—in our daily lives; and the enduring relevance of the 20th century's foremost liberal philosopher, John Rawls.

This transcript has been condensed and lightly edited for clarit y .

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