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Moses Mendelssohn

In Our Time: Culture

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Moses Mendelssohn's Enlightenment Challenges

The chapter explores Moses Mendelssohn's encounters with challenges to his Jewish faith during the Enlightenment period, such as Johann Lavater's demand for conversion and Mendelssohn's efforts to bridge traditional Jewish learning with Enlightenment ideas. It discusses Mendelssohn's translation of Hebrew scriptures into German to emancipate the text from Christological interpretations, his advocacy for the use of German among Jews, and his clashes with rabbis over enlightened commentaries on religious texts. The chapter also delves into the Vessel affair, a controversy over secular learning in Jewish education that exposed the growing ideological divide between modernity and traditional Judaism.

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