A federated protocol is a computing or networking Providers that agree upon standards of operating in a collective fashion Fashion which is I guess like the you know what is a very good example of that bones or I guess like IP addresses and HTTP. Other ones were XMPP That was the like open chat format and then that kind of died off because people wanted As even SMS is an open a federated protocolIs it and SMS will work right but Apple comes around says it's not good enough. Most people don't care they want features that that just work and they want cool stuff to Sit on top of that.