3min chapter

99% Invisible cover image

The ELIZA Effect

99% Invisible

CHAPTER

How Did Eliza Become a Therapeutic Tool?

Joseph Wisenbaum created Eliza, a robot therapist. He didn't intend for it to be an actual therapeutic tool. But people began having meaningful conversations with the machine. Dr. Kenneth Colby started promoting the idea that Eliza might actually be therapeutically useful.

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