Hormones and Athletic Performance: The Menstrual Cycle Connection

In this episode, we dive into the intersection of the menstrual cycle and athletic performance—a topic often surrounded by strong opinions but surprisingly limited evidence. Joined by Dr Kelly McNulty, researcher and practitioner, and Sarah Massey, experienced coach, we break down the key phases of the cycle, highlight when ovarian hormone levels rise and fall, and explore the popular theory that certain types of training should align with these hormonal shifts. But does the science actually support that idea?

Together, we take a critical look at the research—what’s known, what’s still unclear, and where the gaps are. More importantly, we focus on practical, athlete-centered approaches: being symptom-led, being "your own scientist", using tracking tools effectively, and how to open the conversation—especially with younger athletes—in a way that empowers and informs.

Whether you're a coach, practitioner, or athlete yourself, this episode offers a grounded and positive perspective on managing training around the menstrual cycle without falling for the hype.

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Links

• One of Kelly's papers that summarizes the literature and shows a trivial impairment during the early follicular phase
• Paper showing that the anabolic response to resistance training is unaffected by menstrual cycle phase
• Kelly's study on symptoms experienced during menstruation and their perceived effects on training and performance
• Researchers raise the bar for studies on the menstrual cycle by calling for measurement, not guesswork
• "No influence of influence of women's menstrual cycle phase on acute strength performance or adaptations to resistance exercise training"
• Another of Kelly's papers, this one summarizing the literature on the effect of oral contraceptives on exercise performance
• Developing a tool for ovarian hormone profile classification
• Kelly's educational resource, Period of the Period

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