5min chapter

Sean Carroll's Mindscape: Science, Society, Philosophy, Culture, Arts, and Ideas cover image

77 | Azra Raza on The Way We Should Fight Cancer

Sean Carroll's Mindscape: Science, Society, Philosophy, Culture, Arts, and Ideas

CHAPTER

The Genetic Component of Cancer

At least 60% of all cancers happen because of DNA copying errors as the cell is dividing. Each time a cell divides, it has to copy its entire DNA - about three billion base pairs. At each division, a cell will retain three to four new mutations. Most of these mutations are passive, which means they're not harmless. But some occur in vital genes such as those responsible for tumor suppressor genes. If these mutations happen in one of those vital genes, then the function of the cell is affected. The outcome for a patient with advanced disease is no different than it was in 1930s.

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