Overconfidence is a really powerful force in our lives and when it comes to You know wars and military planning it's absolutely catastrophic. So there are just two examples of intellectual vices that that that caused serious practical difficulties. These are all examples of let's call let's call them intellectual defects or intellectual failings or intellectual flaws That had a major impact on the conduct of the war, you know had a big impact on the way War preparations were made. I Suspect most listeners to this to this podcast won't have much difficulty in thinking of Examples of this thing.

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