The city of kahakia was the largest settlement in north america for hundreds of years. After it collapsed, not only was the city abandoned, but that the entire area around it was just left as a kind of waste land. We do seem to be looking at a conscious process of rejecting something which was pre existing, and at times was very hierarchical and violent. O koki, we have evidence of human sacrifices and ritual killing of victims upon the monks mound a and e yap,. something extremely centralized at was abandoned and effectively replaced by these kind of polar sized republics with highly developed habits and cultures of debate.