In complex organisms survival depends on as accurately as possible predicting what will happen next based on what happened before. Our ability to notice errors in those predictions depends on dopamine this neurotransmitter crucial for regulating motivation. If successful positive surprises change our beliefs attitudes and values it leads to behaviors that seek out that positive pattern again if stable if not surprising we maintain the old behavior from before, and if negatively surprised we engage in behaviors that avoid that pattern happening again.

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