How Did Neanders Learn to Count?

The roots of mathematics may be built on the use of fingers and toes. Base ten, or decimal systems, stem from the use of both hands. Basic numerical literacy might seem so natural that you just assume it is an evolved biological capacity write something that any human brain could just automatically do naturally. But actually, there's some question about this. How do we know that numeras is not, to some degree, an invented cultural capacity?