Speaker 1
I think it's a great question. It's a question that really needs to be asked. When you start uncovering the patients that are susceptible to disease, when you start uncovering the associations of biology to diseaseyou start finding out that there are different, if you will, subsets of of disease, and the one drug fits all approach just doesn't actually work. So what becomes really interesting is if you can figure out we have a drug, we understand the patient population, we know in whom it's going to work, we know in whom it's going to be safe, then you can be very intentional about the development of those drugs. And what's interesting is there are populations that have very clear increased risks of diseases. There is also populations that have very clear differentiations in their diseases. And i actually think this is something to be embraced. Understand the differences and use that as a basis to develop therapeutics for those populationsnd, let me give, let me give an example, because this gets and i think, some interesting frameworks thati frankly, i think are very important for us to think about. The latinex population has a predisposition to diabetes. And what's interesting in the context of the population is, for any number of reasons, there tends to be a later diagnosis, there tends to be less management, there tends to be worse complications, and they tend to suffer more. And what's interesting is one can start understanding how and when you can have the best impact. Now part of the challenge is, at the same time, while we can draw out some of these associations, what we can also understand is in what patients might this drug have the best profile to be able to have action? And i see opportunities where we can be transformed, ifor a population, by being very intentioal about how we can embrace, if you will, the opportunity to transform their engagement with disease by meeting them where they are, by allowing them to have a better a, if i'll put it this way, a trusted relationship with, ultimately, what's coming out in the therapeutic side. And look, were seeing this alive right now, which is there are populations right now that don't trust coget vacions, for any number of different reasons. And well, i'm not going to get into why that might be and who that might be and underlying motivations, or anything along those lines, in the areas where you can start understand the nuance of biology that associates with this, that creates a powerful opportunity to transform people's lives for the better. And it's something that i think requires us to embrace it. I'm very intrigued by this, because as we start deeply understanding these populations, we can start understanding when, in the course of their lives do they start getting the sins of diabedes? When do they start getting the prequil to diabedes? Is there a better time to engage? Because if you can start managing the disease very early on, before it becomes something that has a durability to it, perhaps we can change their engagement with disease. And i look at this as something that's really important. But at the same time, i mean, the challnge with the drug discovery and development model is trinsic to the fact that it costs so much. And in that context, it's cause this biasing to think about big diseases general populations. And a swing for the fences kind of mentality. The reality is we know so little. We as a field, we as an industry, know so little about biology. Wit what a i allows us to do is to go well beyond the human rigt humans can think in what, three, five variables at a time. How many variables are there in biology? It's tens of thousands, tens of millions, tens of billions. We don't even know how many variables. But on any of those scales, humans can't think like that. And so humans can't intrinsically embrace it. So how are we to sit there and say, we know all the good ideas. We know all the bad ideas. The power i is to take all ideas and almost play a neutral party that we can help them all become developed. Because if we can think about changing the cost and the time lines for drug drug discovery and development and build more robustness to increase the probability of success, then by taking the tools and allowing others to use them in the right sort of way, we can create basically this idea, if you will, framework where we see which ideas actually work. And ultimately that may become a tool to unlock much, much more powerful treatments for patients and even different ways to engage patients that we haven't even thought about to day.