The Journey of Antibiotics: From Discovery to Resistance

This chapter explores the rich history of antibiotics, starting with Alexander Fleming's groundbreaking discovery of penicillin in 1928 and the contributions of earlier pioneers like Ernest Duchenne. It delves into the transformative impact of antibiotics on medicine, the lessons learned from their use, and the pressing issue of antibiotic resistance. By examining the structure of bacteria and the mechanisms of antibiotics, the chapter highlights both the successes and challenges faced in the ongoing battle against infections.