Introduction

In reality, there are two ways of speaking about what exists. Material things exist, but that's not all that exists because the material things can be arranged into particular patterns. What we have is kinds of patterns we call these ideas. Ideas are things that can be instantiated within physical substraits. And whether that physical substrait happens to be ink on paper, or electrical signals in the brain, or indeed, messages inside of a computer, the point is that these ideas are something over and above the mere atoms, the particles, the physical things. So there really are two kinds of things in reality. That i am doing. Chapter five, the reality of abstractions.