What made AI take off? A decade ago many computer scientists were focused on building algorithms that would allow machines to see and recognise objects. In doing so they hit upon two innovations—big datasets and specialised computer chips—that quickly transformed the potential of artificial intelligence. How did the growth of the world wide web and the design of 3D arcade games create a turning point for AI?

This is the third episode in a four-part series on the evolution of modern generative AI. What were the scientific and technological developments that took the very first, clunky artificial neurons and ended up with the astonishingly powerful large language models that power apps such as ChatGPT?

Host: Alok Jha, The Economist’s science and technology editor. Contributors: Fei-Fei Li of Stanford University; Robert Ajemian and Karthik Srinivasan of MIT; Kelly Clancy, author of “Playing with Reality”; Pietro Perona of the California Institute of Technology; Tom Standage, The Economist’s deputy editor.

On Thursday April 4th, we’re hosting a live event where we’ll answer as many of your questions on AI as possible, following this Babbage series. If you’re a subscriber, you can submit your question and find out more at economist.com/aievent.

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