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Ep 26: The Long Road to Mexico

Big Biology

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The Role of Latex in Milkweed Chemistry

In the 1950s, Miriam Rothschild began to suspect that milkweeds had what she called digitalis-like properties. Milkweed plants produce these compounds we call cardiac glycosides. They're poisonous to most animals, in part because they block a very essential cellular enzyme and monarchs have a relative immunity to that. The latex is stored in these pressurized canals that flow throughout the plant. And so when the leaf is damaged, as it is when a caterpillar takes a bite or when you break the leaf, that pressure causes an exudation of that latex substance.

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