Ecological Associations Are Epidemiology on Crack

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Ecological associations are epidemiology on crack. All the confounders are there on steroids and you typically don't adjust for them at all. So if you think epidemiology is problematic, you should never point to a comparison like this from this country versus that country or here's a tribe somewhere in an island. Not a single thing about their lives is similar to ours.

Episode #243. It’s time to face the facts on saturated fat. Dr Gil Carvalho returns to examine a bold new study on this controversial topic, breaking down whether you need to reconsider your food choices in the wake of this study’s release.

We discuss:

Intro (00:00)
Saturated fat misunderstandings: Is saturated fat bad? (17:20)
Principle 1: Dose matters? — How much saturated fat is too much? (22:07)
Is no saturated fat the goal? (30:12)
Principle 2: Replacement nutrient matters (31:54)
Principle 3: Source matters (45:53)
Mechanisms: Saturated fat and heart disease (50:48)
Saturated fats and genetics (55:47)
Target ApoB level (59:40)
Importance of lifetime exposure (1:03:02)
Statins and heart disease risk: Are statins bad for you? (1:08:53)
Mendelian randomization studies (1:10:52)
The totality of evidence (1:15:59)
Saturated fats and total mortality (1:17:46)
Saturated fat and liver health (1:19:51)
Gaps in the research (1:20:43)
Common arguments against lowering saturated fat (1:23:52)
Outro (1:38:36)

To explore more of Dr Gil Carvalho’s work, you can find him on YouTube. You can also connect with him on Twitter and Facebook, and listen to our previous conversation in Episode #207.

Discover more insights and supporting studies in the full show notes.

Enjoy, friends.

Simon

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Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons)

Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill

Author of The Proof is in the Plants

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