Introduction

Fatherlessness is the leading cause of declining child well-being in our society. 40% of children are born to unmarried mothers, and over 50% of marriages end in divorce. Many fathers are addicted to their smartphones or to drugs or alcohol. Others are forced to work long hours or multiple jobs to provide for their family. A mother cannot fill a fatherless void; men and women possess innate biological differences that translate into different parenting styles.