All in the Mind cover image

How nightmares link to real-life fears, and new research tackling post-cardiac arrest PTSD

All in the Mind

CHAPTER

The Impact of Verbal Aggression on Umpiring Decisions in Sports

This chapter examines research indicating that teams' verbal aggression towards referees in Major League Baseball can confer a competitive edge. It analyzes a decade of data showing how justified complaints often influence umpire decision-making, while also stressing the need for umpires to remain aware of external pressures on their calls.

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